PRKAA1 and neoplasm: In recent years, although the roles of SIKs in tumorigenesis have drawn much attention due to their association with TGFβ-Smad, AKT, Hippo, NF-κb and other signaling pathways involved in cancer progression,6–17 similar to the AMPK kinases, the potential roles of SIKs in tumorigenesis are still controversial as oncogene or tumor suppressor in a tissue context dependent manner.