The pro-hypertrophic effect of breast cancer conditioned medium was confirmed by the significantly increased pro-hypertrophic marker, β-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC) (Fig. 2d) and the significantly decreased phosphorylated eukaryotic elongation factor-2 (p-eEF2) (Fig. 2e, f and Supplementary Fig. 1A, B, C), which is indicative of elevated eEF2 activity and increased protein synthesis [31]. This evidence concerns the gene EEF2 and breast carcinoma.