AKT1 and cancer: Recent studies indicated that the effects of bufalin on cancer cells are mediated via modulation of apoptosis [54], necroptosis [55], cellular cycle [56], metastasis development [57], inflammation and oxidative stress [58] notably by targeting the MAPK, PI3K/AKT and NF-κB pathways and by acting on various receptors associated with tumor development such as VEGFR and EGFR [59].