In 2015, Busch and colleagues [51] reported that piR-30924, piR-57125, and piR-38756 were differentially expressed in ccRCC compared to NRT and the combination of these piRNAs identified malignant disease with 91% sensitivity, 86% specificity, and an AUC of 0.910. This evidence concerns the gene PIR and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.