GDF15 and breast cancer: Furthermore, a methylation panel composed of GDF15, TMEFF2, and VIM discriminated BC patients from healthy controls and prostate or renal cancer patients with a sensitivity of 94% and specificity of 90% in urine sediment samples [53], whereas the UroMark assay based on 150 CpG loci detected BC in voided urine samples with 98% sensitivity and 97% specificity [54].