VEGFA and neoplasm: VEGF-A is the principal mediator of angiogenesis and contributes to the formation of a pioneering tip cells of angiogenic sprouts.192 With further vessel maturation, endothelial cells-secreted platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-B is the major player for recruitment of adjacent pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells to the endothelial surface.193,194 We found that CD146 can directly interact with VEGFR253 and PDGFR-β195 to promote tumor angiogenesis and cerebrovascular development, respectively (Fig. 2).