When the cut-off values of the γ-GT/ALT ratio, AFP and PIVKA-II levels were set as 1.245, 556.90 ng/mL, and 87.63 mAu/mL, respectively, for the diagnosis of early-stage HCC, the AUROC of the γ-GT/ALT ratio was 0.795, which was higher than that of AFP (0.617; P < 0.001; Fig. 2A). This evidence concerns the gene AFP and hepatocellular carcinoma.