A further study of changes in nuclear circularity coupled with multiple DNA damage markers (e.g., γH2AX, 8HOdG) associated with telomere dysfunction and AD-specific markers (e.g., putative tau, Aβ) in buccal cells from a large patient cohort will better assess the likelihood of discriminating AD and MCI patients from healthy controls using these tests. Here, MAPT is linked to Alzheimer disease.