In a trial with 60 subjects with biopsy‐proven NAFLD, a greater severity of NAFLD was associated with higher TMAO but lower betaine and betaine/choline ratio.(86) Administration of TMAO aggravates murine hepatic steatosis on a high‐fat diet, potentially involving bile acid metabolism and farnesoid X receptor antagonism.(87) Therefore, it is increasingly recognized that various common food components have proinflammatory potential and thereby might initiate and contribute to chronic inflammatory processes in and outside the gastrointestinal tract. The gene discussed is NR1H4; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.