After adjusting on the effect of HLA-DQA1*01:05 in the forward conditional analysis, significant associations were still observed for the alleles associated with protection from leprosy and the lowest P-value was found for the protective class I allele HLA-C*07:06 (ORconditional = 0.33, Pconditional = 2.35 × 10−4, S2 Table). The gene discussed is HLA-DQA1; the disease is leprosy.