When expressed on the surface of a T cell, CAR can induce T-cell activation upon ligand binding independently of T cell receptor (TCR)-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) interactions, thereby bypassing MHC restrictions and MHC downregulation mechanisms often used by cancer cells or viruses, including HIV (Dotti et al., 2014; Wagner, 2018). Here, HLA-C is linked to cancer.