As a fact, androgens strongly upregulate TMPRSS2 expression in prostate tumor cells and they can also control, and upregulate, the oncogenic transcription factor ERG, normally androgen-insensible, when the TMPRSS2:ERG fusion gene is produced because of somatic gene rearrangements in prostate cancers [57]. The gene discussed is TMPRSS2; the disease is Familial prostate cancer.