Of these loci, the HLA-DQA1, HLA-DRB1, STAT4, FAM167A-BLK, and GTF2I loci have reached the genome-wide significant threshold (p value < 5E−08; Fig. 1b, Table 2) in Thai population, and the variants at the PROS1C1, NOTCH4, HCP5, C6orf10, TAP2, TNFSF4, RasGRP3, TERT, TNPO3-IRF5, CXCR5, GPR19, SLC15A4, and ITGAM loci showed suggestive evidence of associations with SLE (p value < 5E−05, Supplementary Table 1). This evidence concerns the gene TSBP1 and systemic lupus erythematosus.