TNF and macrophage activation syndrome: Before the results of the multinational registry analysis were published,[7] this anti-malarial drug was considered a potential candidate for treatment of COVID-19.[8] Moreover, HCQ has an effect on cytokine production by decreasing the secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α which has been associated to a lowered MAS risk in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.[9]