Cytokines with concentrations significantly higher in patients with IBD than in healthy control patients included Regulated upon Activation, Normal T Cell Expressed and Presumably Secreted, interferon gamma-induced protein (IP10), and interferon (IFN)α2, and those with nonsignificantly higher levels in patients with IBD included tumor necrosis factor α, IL-1Ra, and growth related oncogene. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and inflammatory bowel disease.