In the healthy control group, IL-6, IL-17, IL-23, and RORγt expression levels were low; however, instillation of TNBS significantly upregulated their expression (p < 0.05, as compared with the healthy control group), while the addition of thalidomide downregulated their expression (p < 0.05, as compared with the untreated TNBS-induced colitis group). Here, IL17A is linked to colitis.