Exosomes-related miRNAs (i.e. miR-19b, miR-20a/b, miR-21, miR-30a, miR-33, miR-125b, miR-130a, miR-214, miR-221/222, miRNA-223, miRNA-302a, and miR-758) have been suggested to regulate autophagy flux via modulation of PI3K-Akt-mTOR and AMPK-mTOR signaling and downstream autophagic molecules including ATG or Beclin1, P62, and ULK1; which consequently increased expression of ABCA1 and cholesterol efflux in the atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases [73]. Here, MTOR is linked to atherosclerosis.