AE1 expression has been found in ESCC cell lines (TE5, TE8, TE9, and KYSE150), where it is involved in cell cycle regulation and the proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of ESCC cells via the MAPK and Hedgehog signaling pathways (Shiozaki et al., 2017). The gene discussed is SLC4A1; the disease is esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.