The transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) signaling pathway, human papillomavirus infection, epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance, and chronic myeloid leukemia were unique pathways enriched by the target genes of downregulated miRNAs in the serum of IgG4-ROD patients. Here, TGFB1 is linked to chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.