We have evaluated the involvement of glycemic control in endocrine and anthropometric parameters, inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-6, and mtROS production), adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and P-selectin), leukocyte–endothelium interactions (rolling, rolling velocity, and adhesion) and CIMT in T2D. This evidence concerns the gene VCAM1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.