Some researchers found that colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R) expression and tumor associated macrophage (TAM) density (CSF-1 receptor, CSF-1R or CD68) in the adjacent liver tissues are associated with patient survival after resection of HCC (Zhu et al., 2008; Jia et al., 2010; Kong et al., 2013). The gene discussed is CSF1R; the disease is neoplasm.