A subsequent study using an in-house immunoblot with recombinant ZIC4 protein showed that 49 patients with ZIC4 antibodies had PNS related to lung cancer (40 had additional Hu or CV2 antibodies); 11 additional patients with ZIC4 antibodies had SCLC without PNS, but none of 175 patients with non-cancer related neurological disorders or healthy participants had these antibodies (13). This evidence concerns the gene ZIC4 and lung carcinoma.