Several key single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of PLCE1 have been associated with an higher risk of ESCC: of note, PLCE1 encodes for the 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase epsilon-1, a protein which appears to have a role in modulating carcinogenetic effects [4]. This evidence concerns the gene PLCE1 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.