SOCS1 and cancer: Studies have shown that in HB, hypermethylation in the CpG region of the SOCS1 gene promoter leads to decreased SOCS1 gene expression in nearly half of the cases and decreased levels of the suppressor of cytokine signaling 1/ Jun activating binding protein 1/ STAT-induced STAT inhibitor-1 (SOCS1/JAB1/SSI-1) protein complex, activating the the Janus kinase-signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway and inhibiting apoptosis of cancer cells [40].