GCG and diabetes mellitus: The American Diabetes Association still recommends metformin as first-line therapy in all newly diagnosed T2DM patients [31]; however, the European Society of Cardiology now recommends metformin as first-line therapy only in patients who are deemed not at high-risk or do not have established cardiovascular disease, instead recommending a sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT-2i) or glucagon-like protein-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) for these patients [32].