AKT1 and neoplasm: Paracrine and autocrine upregulation of IL-6 within the MM BM microenvironment is a common feature of MM and it is well understood that IL-6 promotes the survival and proliferation of MM tumor cells, mediated through Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) upregulation of VEGF, Ras, Akt (Protein kinase B), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways [41].