The findings showed that the transcription levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α were obviously increased, and IL-4 and IL-10 were significantly decreased in the cortex (Figure 3A), whereas FO administration markedly inhibited the diabetes-induced upregulation of IL-1β and TNF-α and downregulation of IL-4 and IL-10 (Figure 3A). This evidence concerns the gene IL4 and diabetes mellitus.