In humans, Cav1 minor allele homozygotes had the lowest levels of Cav1 expression.13,24 Cav1 minor allele carriers have increased insulin resistance, a higher 10-year Framingham score, and higher prevalence of diabetes, dyslipidemia, and the metabolic syndrome.19 Yet, Cav1 knockout mice have decreases in atherosclerosis—an effect specific to endothelial caveolin.12 The gene discussed is CAV1; the disease is atherosclerosis.