Studies show that thiamine acts as an antioxidant and thiamine deficiency (TD) exacerbates the plaque pathology and increases the phosphorylation of tau in mouse model (Karuppagounder et al., 2009).Thiamine was found binded to multiple mitochondrial enzymes and may alter the interaction of the mitochondria and TD may cause endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and autophagy in the brain (Liu, Ke, & Luo, 2017; Mkrtchyan et al., 2015). The gene discussed is MAPT; the disease is thanatophoric dysplasia.