As an endothelium-derived angiogenesis inhibitor regulating VEGF, VASH-1 can act on the downstream SIRT1/HIF1α and TGFβ1/Smad3 pathway simultaneously to regulate the pathological process of oxidative stress and fibrosis in DKD (possible molecular mechanism shown in Figure 9). The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is diabetic kidney disease.