Previously, ivabradine was shown to increase aortic compliance in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice (55), improve carotid pulsatile arterial hemodynamics in spontaneously hypertensive rats (56), restore acetylcholine-induced maximal dilatation of renal and cerebral arteries in dyslipidaemic mice (57), and most importantly, improve myocardial perfusion in post-MI rats by ameliorating perivascular fibrosis in small resistant coronary arteries (25). This evidence concerns the gene APOE and myocardial infarction.