Both IGF-1R inhibitor and mTOR inhibitor treatment significantly reduced the tumor growth in ES xenografts through inhibition of IGF-1R/PI3K/AKT/mTOR, and other signaling pathways, including MEK1/2, JAK/STAT3, TGF-β, and G-protein coupled receptors (Lamhamedi-Cherradi et al., 2016). The gene discussed is STAT3; the disease is neoplasm.