The results indicate that age (<3 years), EV71 positivity, ANS dysregulation, pulmonary edema/hemorrhage, CRP (>40 mg/L), and cTnI (>0.04 ng/ml) are risk factors for fatality (all P < 0.05), but sex, hyperglycemia, leukocytosis (>13 × 1012/L), and thrombocytosis (>500 × 109/L) are not at the 5% level. The gene discussed is TNNI3; the disease is pulmonary edema.