Moreover, pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 can activate oncogenic signaling pathways 5, 6, and chemokines and/or their receptors, such as CCL2 3 and CXCR2 4, can initiate CRC by inducing the recruitment and development of MDSCs. The gene discussed is IL1A; the disease is colorectal carcinoma.