TNF and COVID-19: Moreover, in the PPI network, the top 10 targets (IL6, TNF, IL10, MAPK8, MAPK3, CXCL8, CASP3, PTGS2, TP53, and MAPK1) were regarded as hub genes that may play important roles in the treatment of COVID-19 by CDPF and are involved in the regulation of immunity and inflammation.