Moreover, COX contributed to neuronal plasticity after traumatic brain injury (TBI), and it has been reported that TBI decreased the expression of sphingosine kinase 2 (SphK2), the complex of neutral ceramidase and COX subunit 1(COX-1), thereby further influencing mitochondrial function (Novgorodov et al., 2014). This evidence concerns the gene MT-CO1 and brain injury.