CCL5 and severe acute respiratory syndrome: In SARS-CoV infection, the downregulation of N-myc downstream-regulated 1 (NDRG1) gene was led to induction of the proinflammatory signals and activation of a cytokine storm with C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand such as CCL2, CCL5, CCL23, CCL26, C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligands such CXCL10, CXCL11, CXCL16, Vav Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor 3 (VAV3), signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), and SHC-transforming protein 3 (SHC3) [62].