LCN2 and acute kidney injury: In critically ill patients with AKI, a combination of urine NGAL and L-FABP levels, sepsis status, blood lactate level, and stratification using the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation score improved AKI predictive performance (AUC-ROC 0.94) compared to NGAL alone (AUC-ROC 0.86) or L-FABP alone (AUC-ROC 0.84) [43].