Therefore, the purpose of this current investigation was to use the more permanent immunoperoxidase technique in order to examine a larger cohort of AD cases and determine whether we could also detect an increase in these C3 immunopositive A1 astrocytes compared to the S100A10 immunopositive A2 astrocytes and, if so, where these different cell types were located with reference to the associated AD pathology the cerebral cortical layers, and underlying white matter. The gene discussed is S100A10; the disease is Alzheimer disease.