While NLRP3 is critically involved in defense against microbial agents, defects in adequate NLRP3 control i.e., due to genetic mutations in NLRP3 results in auto-inflammatory diseases [23,24], and chronic NLRP3 stimulation induced by asbestos or silica drives chronic lung damage and promotes mesothelioma. This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and mesothelioma.