Even though both metals bind to low-molecular-weight proteins and primarily affect the proximal tubules, renal outcomes tend to diverge—while Cd-induced renal impairment is characterized in the early stages by the presence of increased excretion of LMWH proteins (β2-microglobuline, retinol binding protein and a1-microglobulin), in Pb nephropathy, the proteinuria (including albuminuria) is absent or minimal in the early stages of renal diseases [27]. This evidence concerns the gene HLA-G and kidney disorder.