PON1 and diabetes mellitus: Of note, when subjects were divided according to diagnosis of diabetes, only T2D women (r = 0.387, p < 0.01) and men in both control and T2D groups demonstrated a significant positive association between PON-arylesterase activity and HDL-c (r = 0.368, p < 0.001 and r = 0.411, p < 0.001, respectively).