NOD1 and pancreatitis: Evaluating the role of the NLR nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 1 (NOD1) in pancreatitis pathogenesis, Tsuji and colleagues found that this signaling is essential to the development of pancreatitis; more interestingly, they showed that the activation of NOD1 stimulated by translocated commensal organisms is an indispensable element in sustaining and widening the inflammatory process in the pancreas [13].