Several findings point to an antagonistic role of DYRK1B and MAPK signaling, with an increase in DYRK1B in response to inhibitors of the MAPK kinase (MEK) in CRC and melanoma cell lines [36,95] and a reduction following the mitogen activation of the RAS-MEK-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway in skeletal myoblasts [112]. The gene discussed is DYRK1B; the disease is melanoma.