VHL and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma: Huang and coworkers have analyzed the clonal architectures of 473 CCRCC patients and showed that the evolution patterns of CCRCC have consistent inter-patient heterogeneity, with del(3p) being considered as the common earliest molecular event, followed by three most recurrent patterns of clonal evolution dictated by different molecular events: (i) VHL and PBRM1 mutations; (ii) del(14q); (iii) amp(7), del(1p), del(6q), amp(7q), del(3q) [180].