KEAP1 and carcinoma of esophagus: Somatic NRF2 and KEAP1 mutations were most often found in lung squamous cell carcinoma, esophageal carcinoma, uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, head and neck cancers, and HCC; the overlapping somatic NRF2 or KEAP1 mutations are associated with a sustained NRF2 activation phenotype [21,23].