Examples of ICIs include those that target the PD-1:PD-L1 interaction and reinvigorate cytotoxic T cell (CTL) function mainly in peripheral tissues e.g. pembrolizumab (anti-PD-1), nivolumab (anti-PD-1), atezolizumab (anti-PD-L1) or anti-CTLA-4 agents e.g. ipilimumab which act at an earlier stage of anti-cancer immunity by encouraging T cell activation in draining lymph nodes. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is cancer.