Although this is an ex vivo model with PBECs from calves, the M. haemolytica/LPS-induced inflammation, TLR4/5 expression and lung barrier dysfunction are mimicking important features and mechanisms of respiratory diseases which are frequently observed in other animals and human (children) from which it is not easy to obtain and culture bronchial epithelial cells. The gene discussed is TLR4; the disease is respiratory system disorder.