AD model flies (elav-Gal4C155/+;+/+;UAS-Aβ42E693G/+ and elav-Gal4C155/+;+/+;UAS-APP.C99-UAS-MAPT/+) showed a significant induction of MitoSOX Red fluorescence and increased co-localization (yellow) with MitoTracker Green staining suggesting a higher level of mitochondrial ROS production in both the AD model flies (Fig. 5I–L,Q–T,a), as compared to elav-Gal4C155/+;+/+;+/+ flies (Fig. 5A–D,a). The gene discussed is MAPT; the disease is Alzheimer disease.