Moreover, several studies have suggested that overexpression of AD-related genes (Appl, Aβ42 and Tau) in Drosophila induced caspase-dependent cell death (apoptosis) via increasing cellular stress and mitochondrial dysfunction resulting in reduced ATP level and enhanced oxidative stress (Cai et al., 2005; Pérez et al., 2018; Park et al., 2013). This evidence concerns the gene APPL1 and Alzheimer disease.