APP and Alzheimer disease: We observed the relative expression of mitochondrial Mn-SOD gene was significantly increased in AD model flies (elav-Gal4C155/+;+/+;UAS-Aβ42E693G/+ and elav-Gal4C155/+;+/+;UAS-APP.C99-UAS-MAPT/+) to 1.8- and 1.7-fold, respectively, as compared to elav-Gal4C155/+;+/+;+/+ flies (Fig. 5c).