CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: By co-culturing the NSCLC cells with CD8+ T cells isolated from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) in a transwell co-culturing system to avoid direct cell-to-cell contact, we found that NSCLC cells inhibited cell expansion, viability and pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion, while promoted cell death in CD8+ T cells in a secreted PD-L1 dependent manner, suggesting that NSCLC cells inactivated CD8+ T cells by secreting PD-L1 in the in vitro co-culturing system.